UroScan: Real-Time Urine Monitoring System

Abstract

Catheterized patients in intensive care units (ICUs) require continuous urine output monitoring to assess kidney function and fluid balance. Current methods rely on manual measurement from urine collection bags, which increases the risk of infection exposure, data inaccuracies, and delayed response times. UroTrack addresses this clinical gap through a real-time, closed-path urine monitoring system that maintains sterility while automating fluid assessment for healthcare providers.

The system integrates optical, thermal, and load sensors within medical-grade polypropylene (PP) / polyethylene (PE) tubing to measure urine color, temperature, and weight continuously. Data is processed by a microcontroller and transmitted wirelessly via Bluetooth to a nurse monitoring interface, providing automatic updates without the need for manual inspection. The closed design eliminates direct contact with urine, significantly reducing contamination risks while improving workflow efficiency in high-acuity settings.

Design specifications emphasize compatibility with standard foley catheter systems, lightweight sensor housings, and modular electronics to enable ease of assembly and maintenance. Each sensing module can be produced using low-cost injection molding, with an estimated manufacturing cost under $40 per unit, supporting hospital fundings. All components are selected for biocompatibility, durability, and regulatory feasibility, aligning with FDA Class I device requirements.

By replacing manual urine measurements with an automated, sterile, and data-driven solution, UroTrack enhances patient safety, reduces nurse workload, and improves clinical decision-making.
This innovation demonstrates a practical approach to bridging real-time monitoring technology with infection prevention in modern hospital environments.

Video